panjabi: correct use of han, hai, san

[serious gupt]

Can the sangat please help, I was discussing with a friend the correct use of han, hai and san.

could someone explain to me when it is correct to use each one of them?

Thanks

[sunny_love_kirtan]

Han:

Guru Sahib Ji apne darshan de rahe HAN.

Guru sahib Ji are giving his darshan.

Raagi Singh kirtan kar rahe HAN

Raagi Singhs are doing kirtan.

So it looks like is present continuos tense.

Also HAN is used for plural but also used for singular when you try to show respect.

HAI:

Eh Ki ho reha hai?

What is this happening.

Ajj Bahut garmi hai.

It is very hot today.

Hai = IS

SAN

San is used in past tense.

Also used for plurals for eg:

Bachey Gursikhi baaney vich Bahut hi sundar lag rahe SAN.

Children were looking very lovely in Gursikhi bana.

Now for singular:

Guru Nanak Dev Ji kirtan kar rahe SAN.

Guru nanak Dev Ji was doing kirtan.

So for guru sahib Ji's respect we say kirtan kar rahe San instead of saying kirtan kar rahe si. Both are correct when when you are writing you use SAN instead of SI.

If anything is unclear please do not hesitate to ask again.

[Raaj.Karega.Khalsa]

Han

"Oh gal-baat kar rahe han." They're talking. Present tense (with plural subjects)

"Oh gal-baat kar rahe han." He is talking. Present tense (with the singular subject being shown respect)

Hai

"Oh gal-baat kar reha hai." He is talking. Present tense (with a singular subject without the extra respect shown)

San

"Oh gal-baat kar rahe san." They were talking. Past tense (with plural subjects)

"Oh gal-baat kar rahe san." He was talking. Past tense (with the singular subject being shown respect)