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How Did Mongolians Build Such A Large Empire


sikhstudent99
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Hit and run tactics symbolize cowardice not bravery! What a foolish claim to make! Guru Sahiban and his Khalsa were the paragons of bravery, stop making false claims. You were not there with them to see how a battle was fought. No one has till this day has given a true account of Indian or Sikh history! So, stop believing all the nasty lies you read in the books or on the internet! We don't even know the exact date or time of our Guru sahiban's Prakash divas!

Indian history was written by authors who were not trained to write, it was never researched properly.

You're wrong. Rattan Singh Bhangu whose family were directly involved the early and mid 1700 battles of the Khalsa explicitly mentions the dhai phaat technique (this was after Guru ji physically left us). It's a natural response to taking on much larger armies in guerrilla warfare.

And there are also spy accounts from Europeans too confirming this. So, stop getting excited.

Commonly Singhs would use diversion/separation tactics. They'd entice a small, over-excited section of the larger foe's army to chase them by harassing them, then they'd turn on these pursuers once they'd separated them far enough from the main force and cut them down.

If you think this is cowardice in anyway, you want to take a closer, honest look at yourself and contemplate how you'd do in war, let alone one against a much larger and better resourced army.

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Is a country built on the bones of hundreds and thousands of innocents worth it? From a spiritual perspective - we ARE Sikhs, so spirituality is a prime consideration, no matter what the rational thinkers say who would like to see Sikhi relegated to a social philosophy instead of a religion - what karmic toll must such actions and policies have on those who build nations through such means? How long do such countries and empires remain? Where is the Roman Empire? Where is the British Empire? Where's the Ottoman Empire? Heck, where's Atlantis, lol? I'm looking at you, United States, lol. ;) These things never last. They're over in the blink of an eye.

I think part of Tav Prasad is dedicated to this very subject:

ਮਾਤੇ ਮਤੰਗ ਜਰੇ ਜਰ ਸੰਗ ਅਨੂਪ ਉਤੰਗ ਸੁਰੰਗ ਸਵਾਰੇ ॥

With intoxicated elephants, studded with gold, incomparable and huge, painted in bright colours.

ਕੋਟ ਤੁਰੰਗ ਕੁਰੰਗ ਸੇ ਕੂਦਤ ਪਉਨ ਕੇ ਗਉਨ ਕਉ ਜਾਤ ਨਿਵਾਰੇ ॥

With millions of horses galloping like deer, moving faster than the wind.

ਭਾਰੀ ਭੁਜਾਨ ਕੇ ਭੂਪ ਭਲੀ ਬਿਧਿ ਨਿਆਵਤ ਸੀਸ ਨ ਜਾਤ ਬਿਚਾਰੇ ॥

With many kings indescribable, having long arms (of heavy allied forces), bowing their heads in fine array.

ਏਤੇ ਭਏ ਤੁ ਕਹਾ ਭਏ ਭੂਪਤਿ ਅੰਤ ਕੌ ਨਾਂਗੇ ਹੀ ਪਾਂਇ ਪਧਾਰੇ ॥੨॥੨੨॥

What matters if such mighty emperors were there, because they had to leave the world with bare feet.2.22.

ਜੀਤ ਫਿਰੈ ਸਭ ਦੇਸ ਦਿਸਾਨ ਕੋ ਬਾਜਤ ਢੋਲ ਮ੍ਰਿਦੰਗ ਨਗਾਰੇ ॥

With the beat of drums and trumpets if the emperor conquers all the countries.

ਗੁੰਜਤ ਗੂੜ ਗਜਾਨ ਕੇ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਹਿੰਸਤ ਹੈਂ ਹਯਰਾਜ ਹਜਾਰੇ ॥

Along with many beautiful roaring elephants and thousands of neighing horses of best breed.

ਭੂਤ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਭਵਾਨ ਕੇ ਭੂਪਤ ਕਉਨੁ ਗਨੈ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਤ ਬਿਚਾਰੇ ॥

Such like emperors of the past, present and future cannot be counted and ascertained.

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਪਤਿ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗਵਾਨ ਭਜੇ ਬਿਨੁ ਅੰਤ ਕਉ ਅੰਤ ਕੇ ਧਾਮ ਸਿਧਾਰੇ ॥੩॥੨੩॥

But without remembering the Name of the Lord, they ultimately leave for their final abode. 3.23.

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You're wrong. Rattan Singh Bhangu whose family were directly involved the early and mid 1700 battles of the Khalsa explicitly mentions the dhai phaat technique (this was after Guru ji physically left us). It's a natural response to taking on much larger armies in guerrilla warfare.

And there are also spy accounts from Europeans too confirming this. So, stop getting excited.

Commonly Singhs would use diversion/separation tactics. They'd entice a small, over-excited section of the larger foe's army to chase them by harassing them, then they'd turn on these pursuers once they'd separated them far enough from the main force and cut them down.

If you think this is cowardice in anyway, you want to take a closer, honest look at yourself and contemplate how you'd do in war, let alone one against a much larger and better resourced army.

Spot on dally, im bit miffed by ppl callin guerilla warfare as cowardly, if anything its using ur brains/imaginations, knowing full well u have smaller numbers, but as adidas say "impossible is nothing".

Its because of this hit-run-return-hit-run-then overrun-make em surrender tactics, that afghans started negotiating with the sikhs and gave them their 12misls land, bcoz sikhs were starting to annoy them. Look at the battle of panipat, where sikhs cleverly sat out of the war between afghans-marathas. When afghans defeated them, thats when sikhs, again used this guerilla warfare to rob the afghans of their loot, which was of course looted from other parts of "india". Note how panjabi muslims, who were majority of panjab, were constantly bullied by afghans, irrespective of them being of the same religion. It was the guerilla sikhs who used to return panjab muslim women and hindu panjabi women back to their houses, only to be rejected by their families coz of shame.

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The curse of all great men is that their successors are often inept in more ways then one.


Why are you relying on inaccurate accounts of how it happened? The European spy accounts will certainly depict the Khalsa as cowards relying solely on hit and run tactics, and not as force to be reckoned with!! They were never able to comprehend the mystical side of how it happened. The Khalsa fauj was composed of mystics and spiritual entities, their daily spiritual routines were responsible for their fearlessness and courage. Who wouldn't be with a Father like the Guru Sahib. The Khalsa was trained by Guru Ji and it was their Kirpa that transformed ordinary meek, weak and unable to defend humans into mighty Khalsa fauj.

The trouble with people nowadays is, that they refuse to see the spiritual and mystical aspect of the Khalsa fauj, they have no ability to comprehend or appreciate it. They can only see what is visible, on the surface, but totally unable to see what lies beneath it all. Their third eye chakra is not activated. It can only be activated with lots of self discipline and hard work.

P.S. I am not excited or easily excitable. My Father's name is Sri Guru Gobind Singh ji. I am his child.

Dhai Phat has also been noted by Mughals, Afghans and Iranians as well. Along with mysticism we have also been instructed to be realists otherwise we would be taking roasary beads and running in front of cannons thinking all bullets and barrages will rebound off us.

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Guest Jacfsing2

Nonsense! The enemy is never going to admit the bravery of its opponent, it would be sacrilege! We have to use our brains!

Only a stupid will imagine the Khalsa with prayer beads or 'rosaries' on the battlefield!

You'd have to be brave especially if the enemy outnumbered you by the thousands, (it's usually not possible).
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Nonsense! The enemy is never going to admit the bravery of its opponent,

You're full of rubbish.

There are accounts by our Afghan and Moghul enemies that do explicitly refer to (read admit) Sikh bravery. So your point above is the actual nonsense.

How much more of our time do you want to waste with your foolish assertions and encourage weakness amongst us?

They way you go on is like you personally witnessed the battles yourself btw....you make me laugh.

The Khalsa fauj was composed of mystics and spiritual entities, their daily spiritual routines were responsible for their fearlessness and courage.

Guru Gobind Singh spent a long time in physically and mentally preparing Sikhs for war, bir raas bani went hand in hand with training, especially (but not solely) in the form of hunting. They weren't fools, they took on (comparatively smaller scale) battles to give Singhs a taste of war with the hill rajahs; later Singhs (under Banda Singh) would take on the state itself with its massive resources. Everything was steadily and gradually built up - there was no foolish relying on some magic mysticism to turn people into soldiers overnight.

I've got to add: What I find is that physical cowards or seriously lazy people are usually the ones who keep pushing the above hypothesis. I believe it is because they are reluctant to go through the daily routine of hard training themselves, as well as being secretly terrified of having to engage in violent confrontations personally- instead they comfort themselves with the notion that if the ish hits the fan - they'll be miraculously given super-human strength to defeat the enemy.This way they don't have to personally take the trouble to go through the exhausting physical training required or mentally deal with the idea of some evil-intent individuals trying to spill their and their families blood and having to deal with it. The idea is crutch for them, a source of comfort. That's why they are so vehement about it. Take it away and they are in danger of crumbling under the grim reality that confronts them.

Some puppoo types have this strong tendency to whitewash history in a really weird way too. But when we look at it properly we see Guru ji faced all manner of obstacles like people deserting (the Pathan mercenaries recommended by Buddhan Pir), some Sikhs themselves losing faith in his leadership and leaving (like the 40 muktay did before Mai Bhago straightened them). People questioning his leadership (like when certain Sikhs believed that the Mughuls were being honest about allowing them free passage to vacate Chamkaur (I think it was Chamkaur?).

The spiritual/mystical core of the faith is essential for our spiritual foundation, our ethics. But they are not in any way some substitute for physically training for war.

To make the point clearly, reading bani on its own (as much as I love it and as important as it is to us) wont improve your marksmanship with a gun; it wont teach you how to fly a fighter jet, it won't teach you how to evade and counter attacks with guerrilla strategies.

That's not to downplay bani, because for Sikhs singing and absorbing bani is what it is all about on a spiritual plane. But lets keep it real about war and violence. Our Guru's pushed us to realistically train and prepare for this, not rely on some magic to save us. Any fools doing this wont last long if things get tasty...

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4th Battle of Anandpur (March, 1704)

The Moghal army under Sayed Khan and Ramzan Khan numbered approximately 20,000. Guru Sahib Ji’s Singhs numbered only 1,000. Many soldiers had returned to their villages for sowing and harvesting the crops.

The Moghals adopted the age old tactics of storming the fort by sheer weight of body of troops, but this time in order to avoid being surprised advanced with caution.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s plan was as follows :

Guru Ji’s Khalsa carried out attrition on enemy rank and file by bold attacks far away from the main defences of Anandpur, both by day and night. This was done as the enemy advanced to Anandpur, slowing them down.

Knowing that the enemies intention was to loot and plunder the city, left all bulky and heavy property while animals and lighter valuables were carried away to safety, with the aim to let the enemy weigh down their animals laden with the heavier goods. This was intended to ensure that the enemy on the return journey would not be able to employ his war animals of horses, elephants and camels. The enemy would thus be reduced to foot infantry completely devoid of battle mobility.

Strong mobile patrols making use of unused jungle and mountainous tracks were to shadow the army and finding the most opportune moment to pounce with total surprise. At Bhalon, 14kms from Anandpur such an opportunity did arise when the Mughal army were merry making late into the night. Khalsa patrols pounced upon them from all sides shouting battle cries and discharging arrows causing confusion, havoc and panic in the enemy ranks.

Tactical lessons.

Tactical lessons learnt were, that attrition on the enemy carrier out systematically by the defender, employing all means at the longest possible range far away from the main defences not only impedes advance operations of the attack force but also demoralises the enemy long before they have even had a chance to engage in battle.

Well trained troops grouped as strong patrols, especially in mountains can perform a variety of tasks. They have element of surprise and can cause havoc as quickly as they retreat into the jungles.

Night attacks with high standard of field craft demand vigour, control and resourcefulness on the part of both leader (Jathedhar) and led (jatha).

Balanced combat columns while moving dispersed and concentrating on the enemy from different directions preferably against his weaker or soft spots, like a moving octopus, will invariably unhinge and unnerve the enemy.

In rapidly changing tactical situations, where time is at a premium, there should be viable means to ensure percolation of orders down the chain of command. This avoids confusion and tasks are executed as per the plans of the commander.

In a withdrawal operation, various ways and means to achieve a clean break in order to avoid enemies advance turning into a pursuit must be employed. 5kms away from Anandur Sahib a strong mobile jatha under the command of Baba Ajit singh Ji attacked on the northern exposed flank of the army. The attack was so fierce and bold that the advancing army partially came to a halt in order to engage in this suddenly developed threat. There was then time for the main Khalsa force to carry out a tactical withdrawal in organised groups as strong protective patrols, knowing fully well preselected places and routes of withdrawal.

Leadership.

Any commander’s job is half done if by employing tactics he succeeds in marring the battle field mobility of his enemy. This can be achieved by separating the mobile element (cavalry) from the foot infantry of the opposing force or restricting or destroying the inherent mobility if the manoeuvring elements.

A successful leader will have insight into his enemy and how to exploit their mistakes. One acquires this by experience, maturity and knowledge gathered through intelligent study. Guru Gobind Singh Ji was well versed with his enemies habits , temperament and reactions to various situations.

Demoralisation of the troops when carrying out withdrawal operations results in carelessness and uncautiousness this must be avoided and guarded against all round alertness at all times invariably saves many lives and prestige of any force.

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