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Premi5

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Posts posted by Premi5

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_v._Beto

    Background[edit]

    Fred Arispe Cruz, a Mexican-American born in San Antonio, Texas in 1939, was often in trouble with the police in his teenage years, and became addicted to heroin. In 1960, at 21, Cruz was arrested and convicted of “robbery by assault”. He was sentenced to 50 years in a state prison in 1961.

    Cruz denied taking part in the robberies. Wanting to appeal his conviction but unable to afford a lawyer, Cruz began to read all of the law books that he could find in the prison library. Despite only having an 8th grade education, Cruz filed his first pro se appeal to the robbery charge in 1962. Fed up with the harsh field labor, brutal corporal punishments and arbitrary disciplinary hearings experienced by prisoners, Cruz used his new-found knowledge to write a lawsuit against the prison system.

    Because of his “legal activities” Cruz was classified as an agitator and transferred to the “Ellis Unit” in 1963. At the Ellis Unit, Cruz was pushed to drop his lawsuit by enduring many hours of solitary confinement. In 1967 Cruz wrote to Reverend Hogen Fujimoto, minister in the Shin Buddhist Churches of America (BCA) to request information on Buddhism. Cruz shared the information he received with other inmates which landed him back in solitary, which at the time meant a bread and water diet with a small meal served every third day.

    Despite the abusive conditions, Cruz succeeded in filing his own lawsuit as well as those of other inmates. One of the suits Cruz assisted with is that of a Muslim at the facility who argued that his civil rights were being violated. Warden McAdams punished two inmates for the incident and kept Muslim prisoners at work in the fields six days a week instead of the five days assigned to other inmates. Within days a riot broke out in the Muslim cell block.[1]

    This 1968 riot was the first at Ellis Unit and helped build solidarity among prisoners and gain the attention of outsiders. One of these outsiders was Frances Jalet (later Frances Jalet-Cruz, as Cruz and Jalet were married after his prison release), an attorney whom Cruz had contacted in 1967 after reading about her in a newspaper. Jalet, along with attorney William Bennett Turner, would assist Cruz in his watershed case, Cruz v. Beto.[1][2]

    Case[edit]

    Cruz, a Buddhist, complained that he was not allowed to use the prison chapel, that he was prohibited from writing to his religious advisor, and that he was placed in solitary confinement for sharing his religious material with other prisoners. Cruz filed the lawsuit using his own toilet paper ration.[2] The Federal District Court initially denied relief without a hearing or findings, holding the complaint to be in an area that should be left "to the sound discretion of prison administration."

    An amended complaint argued that:

    "While prisoners who are members of other religious sects are allowed to use the prison chapel, Cruz is not. He shared his Buddhist religious material with other prisoners and, according to the allegations, in retaliation was placed in solitary confinement on a diet of bread and water for two weeks, without access to newspapers, magazines, or other sources of news. He also alleged that he was prohibited from corresponding with his religious advisor in the Buddhist sect."

    and contrasted that with the fact that the prison:

    "...encourages inmates to participate in other religious programs, providing at state expense chaplains of the Catholic, Jewish, and Protestant faiths; providing also at state expense copies of the Jewish and Christian Bibles, and conducting weekly Sunday school classes and religious services. According to the allegations, points of good merit are given prisoners as a reward for attending orthodox religious services, those points enhancing a prisoner's eligibility for desirable job assignments and early parole consideration"

    so:

    "...plaintiff and the members of the class he represents are being subjected to an arbitrary and unreasonable exclusion without any lawful justification which invidiously discriminates against them in violation of their constitutional right of religious freedom and denies them equal protection of the laws."[3]

    Outcome[edit]

    The court found that:

    "Texas has discriminated against petitioner by denying him a reasonable opportunity to pursue his Buddhist faith comparable to that offered other prisoners adhering to conventional religious precepts..."[3]
     
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Jalet-Cruz
     
    Frances Jalet-Cruz (November 10, 1910 – November 29, 1994) was an American lawyer who represented Texas inmates in a number of lawsuits against the Texas Department of Corrections. She was one of the central figures in the Texas prison reform movement during the late 1960s and 1970s that led to broad changes in the Texas prison system in the 1980s.[1]

    Personal life[edit]

    She caused a scandal when she married Fred Cruz in 1972 after his release from prison. She was then 61 years old and he was 32. They divorced six years later because of his return to heroin usage.[1] Frances Jalet-Cruz died in Trumbull, Connecticut in December 1994 at the age of 84.

  2. 1 hour ago, shastarSingh said:

    Yes it's almost solved.

    Thanks to Guru Sahib!

    Speech therapy really helps.

    Many people try to cure stammering by medicines or by giving badaam(almonds).

    Speech therapy is the only way to cure stammering.

    Hritik Roshan of Bollywood had strong stammering but he got cured through therapy.

    Sure, but did you find any Bani helpful also ?

  3. On 2/8/2017 at 4:47 PM, dallysingh101 said:

    Going back to the OP. Do people think we've become weak bhangra paa-ing clowns now? Is the author of the video right in his statement regarding the Delhi Sikh men who were massacred because they'd failed to live up to the physical/military aspects of the Sikh way of life?

    I've experienced that demeaning thing where someone finds out you are Sikh and points their fingers in the air, moves their shoulders up and down and goes 'balle balle'. 

    Do you think people actually see us as warriors when they meet us in the west? Or sticklers to an archaic religion/way of life? (in their eyes not mine!)

    Agree that a significant minority of our population are "weak bhangra paa-ing clowns". And yes, I think it's reality in India that the traditional urban-dwelling Sikhs are not known for their physical/martial strengths, but I don't know how situation was then compared to now. Think i have read some accounts of the men or women putting up a good fight. 

    "experienced that demeaning thing where someone finds out you are Sikh and points their fingers in the air, moves their shoulders up and down and goes 'balle balle'."    Not exactly, but remember a while back for a vocational placement at Uni I met a lady who worked there from South India and her first conversation with me she started talking about the 'balle balle' aspect of Sikhs. Also experienced this from another woman from Kerala (but brought up in Middle East) whose first thoughts about SIkhs were related to Bollywood and dancing. 

     

    On 12/20/2021 at 4:39 AM, dallysingh101 said:

    bump - well worth watching the short vid in the OP

     

    Agree, hence bumping it again. For anyone not watched it, it's a good video, the voice is 'nice'/easy to listen to and he speaks concisely /succinctly. Basically telling us about how Puratan Sikh were warriors and they never did this bhangra /giddha stuff, and how they had arms training. Even how at time of Sant Jarnail Singh ji, they had trained Singhs with them. 

  4. https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/osian-winters-mannequin-sex-offender-22799976

     

    Pervert with mannequin fetish performed sex act on train in front of child

    Mark Williams, who has changed his name from Osian Winters, has a long history of sexual offending, including pleasuring himself while looking at mannequins in a shop window

     
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    By
    Jason EvansCourt and crime reporter
    • 14:07, 19 JAN 2022
    • UPDATED15:10, 19 JAN 2022

    A man with a long history of sexual offences involving children and committing sex acts in public has admitted masturbating on a morning train.

    Mark Williams, who has changed his name from Osian Winters , has also repeatedly breached court orders designed to try to curb his deviant behaviour.

    The latest offence happened on a train between Carmarthen and Whitland in December last year and saw 28-year-old Williams performing a sex act on himself in the presence of a child.

    Read more: See the latest cases from courts around Wales

    Williams, of Lammas Steet, Carmarthen, pleaded guilty to outraging public decency when he appeared in the dock of Swansea Crown Court.

    The defendant has a string of previous convictions for sexual offences including one for exposing himself and performing a sex act in front of a young girl on the Millennium Coastal Path near Llanelli, exposing himself in Gorslas Park, and engaging in sexual activity in the presence of a child.

  5. 1 hour ago, S1ngh said:


     

    In a 28-minute interview to Karan Thapar for The Wire, Dr. Stanton said that although his organization, Genocide Watch, does not rank countries, the US Holocaust Memorial Museum believes that, after Pakistan, India is the second most likely country for a genocide to happen.

    In the interview to The Wire, Dr. Stanton said “the early warning signs of (genocide) are present in India.” Referring to Genocide Watch’s ’10 stages of genocide’, he said several of them had been fulfilled in India.

    The ones he identified are classification (distinguishing between people as us and them and othering them), symbolization (identifying people by the clothes they wear or calling them abba jaan), discrimination (the Citizenship Amendment Act), dehumanization (calling them termites and telling them to go to Pakistan) and polarization (accusing them of love jihad and discriminatory laws against inter-marriage).

    On top of all this, he said there have been actual calls for genocide which, he added, is akin to genocide under the Genocide Convention to which India is a signatory.

  6. 15 hours ago, Redoptics said:

    I think we should send our children for year to be educated in Punjab, so they understand  Sikhi culture, grow a bond with their homeland,  learn to read/write Gurmukhi.  

    I have noticed a few of these parchar on YouTube spent a lot of years back home. Jagraj Singh from basics of Sikhi  and Satpal Singh both are two that come to mind.

    I know Muslims used to do this back in the day, dont know about now.

    Seen a few posts about the youth of today, and this popped in my head.

    Where and at what age ?

    Pind school ?

    Miri Piri Academy ?

    India can be difficult to get used to. Also, the summers are very harsh and the worst of the winters are not easy either

  7. Panjab Chief Ministers

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Punjab_(India)

    Chief Minister of Punjab[edit]

    No Portrait Name

    (Birth–Death)
    (Constituency)

    Party
    (Alliance/ Partner)
    Term of office Time in office Assembly Election Appointed by

    (Governor)

    Took office Left office
    Chief Minister (1947-1966) (Punjab, Haryana and Himachal)
    1   Gopi Chand Bhargava.png Gopi Chand Bhargava
    (1889-1966)
    (University)
    Indian National Congress 15 August 1947 13 April 1949 1 year, 241 days Interim 1946 C. M. Trivedi
    2 Bhim Sen Sachar.png Bhim Sen Sachar
    (1894-1978)
    (Lahore City)
    13 April 1949 18 October 1949 188 days
    (1) Gopi Chand Bhargava.png Gopi Chand Bhargava
    (1889-1966)
    (University)
    18 October 1949 20 June 1951 1 year, 245 days
    (i) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 20 June 1951 17 April 1952 302 days - Rajendra Prasad
    (2)   Bhim Sen Sachar.png Bhim Sen Sachar
    (1894-1978)
    (Ludhiana South)
    Indian National Congress 17 April 1952 22 July 1953 3 years, 281 days 1st 1952 C. Madhavlal Trivedi
    22 July 1953 23 January 1956 C. P. N. Singh
    3 Partap Singh Kairon.png Partap Singh Kairon
    (1901-1965)(Sujanpur)
    23 January 1956 9 April 1957 8 years, 180 days
    9 April 1957 11 March 1962 2nd 1957
    (Sarhali) 12 March 1962 21 June 1964 3rd 1962 N. Vishnu Gadgil
    - Gopi Chand Bhargava.png Gopi Chand Bhargava
    (1889-1966)
    (MLC)
    21 June 1964 6 July 1964 15 days P. A. T. Pillai
    4 Ram Kishan.png Ram Kishan
    (1913-1971)
    (Jalandhar North)
    7 July 1964 5 July 1966 1 year, 363 days
    (ii) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 5 July 1966 1 November 1966 119 days - S. Radhakrishnan
    Chief Minister (Since 1966) (Punjab)
    5   Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir.png Gurmukh Singh Musafir
    (1899-1976)
    (MLC)
    Indian National Congress 1 November 1966 8 March 1967 127 days 3rd 1962 Dharma Vira
    6   Justice Gurnam Singh (cropped).jpg Gurnam Singh
    (1899-1973)
    (Qila Raipur)
    Akali Dal Sant
    (PUF)
    8 March 1967 25 November 1967 262 days 4th 1967
    7   Lachhman Singh Gill.png Lachhman Singh Gill
    (1917-1969)
    (Dharamkot)
    Punjab Janta Party
    (INC)
    25 November 1967 23 August 1968 272 days D. C. Pavate
    (iii) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 23 August 1968 17 February 1969 178 days - Zakir Hussain
    (6)   Justice Gurnam Singh (cropped).jpg Gurnam Singh
    (1899-1973)
    (Qila Raipur)
    Shiromani Akali Dal
    (UF)
    17 February 1969 27 March 1970 1 year, 38 days 5th 1969 D. C. Pavate
    8 Parkash Singh Badal Official portrait 2017.png Prakash Singh Badal
    (b. 1927)
    (Gidderbaha)
    Shiromani Akali Dal
    (BJS)[b]
    27 March 1970 14 June 1971 1 year, 82 days
    (iv) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 14 June 1971 17 March 1972 277 days - V. V. Giri
    9   Giani Zail Singh 1995 stamp of India (cropped).png Zail Singh
    (1916-1994)
    (Anandpur Sahib)
    Indian National Congress
    (CPI)[c]
    17 March 1972 30 April 1977 5 years, 44 days 6th 1972 M. M. Chaudhry
    (v) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 30 April 1977 20 June 1977 51 days - B. D. Jatti
    (8)   Parkash Singh Badal Official portrait 2017.png Prakash Singh Badal
    (b. 1927)
    (Gidderbaha)
    Shiromani Akali Dal
    (JP-CPI)
    20 June 1977 17 February 1980 2 years, 242 days 7th 1977 M. M. Chaudhry
    (vi) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 17 February 1980 6 June 1980 110 days - N. S. Reddy
    10   Darbara Singh.png Darbara Singh
    (1916-1990)
    (Nakodar)
    Indian National Congress 6 June 1980 7 October 1983 3 years, 123 days 8th 1980 J. L. Hathi
    (vii) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 7 October 1983 29 September 1985 1 year, 357 days - Zail Singh
    11   The Vice President, Shri Mohd. Hamid Ansari with the Governor of Tamil Nadu, Shri Surjit Singh Barnala and the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi (cropped) (Surjit Singh Barnala).png Surjit Singh Barnala
    (1925-2017)
    (Barnala)
    Shiromani Akali Dal 29 September 1985 11 June 1987 1 year, 255 days 9th 1985 Arjun Singh
    (viii) Emblem of India.svg Vacant[a]
    (President's rule)
    - 11 June 1987 25 February 1992 4 years, 259 days - Zail Singh
    12   Beant Singh 2013 stamp of India (cropped).png Beant Singh
    (1922-1995)
    (Jalandhar Cantonment)
    Indian National Congress 25 February 1992 31 August 1995[†] 3 years, 187 days 10th 1992 Surendra Nath
    13 Harcharan Singh Brar ex CM.png Harcharan Singh Brar
    (1922-2009)
    (Muktsar)
    31 August 1995 21 November 1996 1 year, 82 days B. K. N. Chhibber
    14 Rajinder Kaur Bhattal.jpg Rajinder Kaur Bhattal
    (b. 1945)
    (Lehra)
    21 November 1996 11 February 1997 82 days
    (8)   Parkash Singh Badal Official portrait 2017.png Prakash Singh Badal
    (b. 1927)
    (Lambi)
    Shiromani Akali Dal
    (BJP)
    11 February 1997 26 February 2002 5 years, 15 days 11th 1997
    15   Amarinder Singh.jpg Amarinder Singh
    (b. 1942)
    (Patiala)
    Indian National Congress
    (CPI)[d]
    26 February 2002 1 March 2007 5 years, 3 days 12th 2002 J. F. R. Jacob
    (8)   Parkash Singh Badal Official portrait 2017.png Prakash Singh Badal
    (b. 1927)
    (Lambi)
    Shiromani Akali Dal
    (BJP)
    1 March 2007 14 March 2012 10 years, 15 days 13th 2007 S. F. Rodrigues
    14 March 2012 16 March 2017 14th 2012 Shivraj Patil
    (15)   Amarinder Singh.jpg Amarinder Singh
    (b. 1942)
    (Patiala)
    Indian National Congress 16 March 2017 20 September 2021 4 years, 188 days 15th 2017 V. P. S. Badnore
    16 Charanjit.jpg Charanjit Singh
    (b. 1963)
    (Chamkaur)
    20 September 2021 Incumbent 121 days Banwarilal Purohit

    List of Chief Ministers by Party[edit]

    Following is the summary of hold of Chief Minister's office by members of Indian political parties.

    S. No. Party Number of Chief Ministers Total days of holding CM Office
    1   Indian National Congress 14 16617 days
    2   Shiromani Akali Dal 3 7977 days
    3   Unionist Party 2 3251 days
    4   Independent 1 2090 days
    5   Punjab Janta Party 1 272 days
    6   Akali Dal Sant 1 262 days
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