Can Anyone Help Me

[militan4evabains]

ਸਾਂਗ ਸਰੋਹੀ ਸੈਫ ਅਸ ਤੀਰ ਤੁਪਕ ਤਲਵਾਰ l ਸੱਤ੍ਰਾਂਤਕ ਕਵਚਾਂਤਿ ਕਰ ਕਰੀਐ ਰੱਛ ਹਮਾਰ ll

ਅਸ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਨ ਧਾਰਾਧਰੀ ਸੈਲ ਸੂਫ ਜਮਦਾਢ l ਕਵਚਾਂਤਕ ਸੱਤ੍ਰਾਂਤ ਕਰ ਤੇਗ ਤੀਰ ਧਰਬਾਢ ll

ਅਸ ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾਨ ਖੰਡੋ ਖੜਗ ਤੁਪਕ ਤਬਰ ਅਰੁ ਤੀਰ l ਸੈਫ ਸਰੋਹੀ ਸੈਹਥੀ ਯਹੈ ਹਮਾਰੈ ਪੀਰ ll

ਤੀਰ ਤੁਹੀ ਸੈਹਥੀ ਤੁਹੀ ਤੁਹੀ ਤਬਰ ਤਲਵਾਰ l ਨਾਮ ਤਿਹਾਰੋ ਜੋ ਜਪੈ ਭਏ ਸਿੰਧ ਭਵ ਪਾਰ ll

ਕਾਲ ਤੁਹੀ ਕਾਲੀ ਤੁਹੀ ਤੁਹੀ ਤੇਗ ਅਰੁ ਤੀਰ l ਤੁਹੀ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨੀ ਜੀਤ ਕੀ ਆਜੁ ਤੁਹੀ ਜਗਬੀਰ please could any gursikh tell me what this gurvahak means please. Thank u Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh

[jassa]

all of them are the name of shasters ....

sang - means barcha spear

sarohi - saroh its a village in rajasthan where a special tegh is made from there it got the name sarohi

saif - its a straight tegh

tupak means pistol

talwar means tegh

satrank is sword with which we kill enemy like if with shri sahib i kill a papi it can be called satrank

asi is a sword with huge bent in common punjabi its called golhi .... most of singhs avoid this shaster becuase its dangerous to use ... if u strech ur arm to hit the asi can give u a wound in ur back

jamdad is a dragger

tega is straight board and heavy

rest are also names of shaster .... and all astars and shasters are our peers .... they should be respected as much as we can ..... on the eve of dushera guru sahib takes out all the shasters from the khajana and they were cleaned and there pujja was done .... as come in our historical granths such as suraj parkash and dasam guru chamatkar .... and this mareyada is still alive

[Gurbar Akaal]

I think the translations of the Shastar Naam Mala are hard to appreciate if you dont know what the real shastar is, for example "Saang" is a rare type of battlefield lance, it had a 3 inch thick shaft, with a grounding spike which is dug into the soil, and the top end has a Jamdhari Katar type spear head, these shastars are dug into the ground when horses charge at you so they run onto them, if anyone has seen "Braveheart", they employ a similar tactic.

Therefore just saying "barcha spear" doesnt convey the message of the weapons named in the Shastarnaam Mala, people need to educate themselves on the huge rang of weapons and their applications.

[Gurbar Akaal]

Here is a picture of the sang head, unfortunately its not the complete peice but it helps to understand the difference between it and a normal spear. If i get a chance I will put up pictures of all the weapons in the short Shastar Naam Mala, and explain a lil bit about them.

[militan4evabains]

Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh thank u veerji

[Gurbar Akaal]

I havent had time to type up and show pictures of the shastars, but this is a great article underneath which I thought id share with you. Could be more detailed but still a good resource.

Indian body armour

Varman is the Sanskrit word most often used in historical and epic writings to refer to the various sorts of body armour, as opposed to shields. Some of this armour gives a base armour class, such as chain mail. Other pieces can be worn individually, either by themselves or to augment other armour. These benefit the wearer's armour class, like a shield does. Unlike a shield, such piece armour need not be actively used but only worn.

Chahar-aina: Also called "four mirror" body armour, this armour consisted of four metal plates strapped around the wearer's body: one on the back, one on the chest, and one on each side under the arms. Chahar-aina was usually worn to augment another suit of armour, often in conjunction with the khulah-kud (helmet), dastana / bazuband (bracers), and shield. Chahar-aina was often worn over a quilted coat for base. It was usually of high quality and often embellished and highly polished.

Chain mail: This was so commonly encountered in India, that several weapons evolved with the express purpose of piercing it. A suit of chain mail often included both a full-length tunic and mail trousers. Ghughuwa was chain mail that combined torso armour and a mail coif in a single piece, often padded with velvet.

Dastana: These were forearm guards, also called bazubands, typically a pair of hinged plates that fully encircled the arm with mittens of cloth or mail to protect the hands. Dastana were often worn with Chahar-aina; a pair of them improves a wearer's armour class by one place.

Dhenuka: This was a full set of armour made from the hide, hooves, and horn of an Indian rhinoceros. Such armour was of somewhat higher quality than regular hide armour. Dhenuka could also be made from the components of other beasts with thick natural protection, such as elephants, water buffaloes, or even crocodiles. Dhenuka would definitely be popular in regions where other armour components are scarce, but where the creatures it is made from are common. It might also be used by characters who are prohibited from wearing cowhide or metal, or by those who are required to wear the skin of the beast in question.

Helmets: A great variety of helmets can be found in an Indian milieu.

Khulah-kud: The Persian influence on Indian armour is most apparent in this helmet. The khulah-kud is a round; domed helmet with a spike on top, a nose guard, and a pair of tubular supports for plumes a few inches to either side of the centre front of the helmet. A chain-mail neck guard sometimes hung from the back of the khulah-kud, and a turban was often wrapped around it.

Turban: Various sorts of turbans were worn throughout India, many for religious reasons. The thick padding of a turban provides some protection to the wearer's head, functioning like the cap variety of helmet.

Hide: Hide armours would be common in areas of Indian adventures where metal is uncommon, the people are poor, or religion dictates that hide must be used. Typically, such armour will be of elephant or rhinoceros hide. Nonetheless, it can be quite handsome and functional, and has the same chances of being magical as any other armour in areas where it predominates.

Heavy hide armour includes full skirts, and arm and leg guards. Lighter hide armour conforms to the characteristics of sadiqi armour.

Kantha-trana: This broadly refers to a piece of armour that protects the neck and is worn independently of a basic suit of armour or a helmet. Against attacks meant to strangle or decapitate.

Lamellar: This sort of armour was similar to scale mail but was of higher quality. Thus, lamellar provides the same protection as scale mail, but it weighs less and is more expensive than the scale mail available in an Indian milieu.

Leather: Because the cow is a sacred animal in Hindu India, leather armour will not be used in many Indian campaign areas, and certain characters might be prohibited from its use. However, it may be used in non-Hindu states or by barbarians or other non-Hindus.

Nagodarika: This was a shooting glove worn by archers. Most were leather or hide finger guards sewn onto straps that were wrapped around the user's hand to keep the devices in place.

Poshteen: The Poshteen was not actually armour as such, but rather a heavy sheepskin coat with the fur on the inside to protect against cold. Such garments were worn by dwellers of the craggy hills and mountains, historically by Afghans.

Quilted linen: Many Indian armours, particularly those of northern India, used quilted linen instead of leather, producing an armour similar to padded. Such armour could be further augmented with Chahar-aina, dastana, and shield.

Reinforced mail: The best Indian armours were of quilted linen reinforced with chain mail and metal plates. The chain mail and plates were fastened within the armour with metal studs and nails, and could not be worn separately or easily removed. A complete set of this armour included protective trousers, boots, dastana and a helmet, typically a khulah-kud. It was not especially bulky or heavy for the protection it gave, but was still too bulky for

Chahar-aina to be worn over it. Most of it was very ornate and attractive, and the components of many suits, including a shield, were often crafted as matching pieces.

Sadiqi: This is the name for any suit of armour, such as chain mail or leather armour that protects only the torso and does not cover the arms.

Scale mail: Coats of scale mail were found in many Indian regions, and they revealed again the martial influence of Persia.

Studded leather: Because of the unlikelihood of leather being used for armour, studded leather has the same chances of being present in an Indian campaign as does leather armour.

Talatra: Known by several other names, this device was an arm guard or bracer worn by an archer to protect his inner arm from the slap of a released bowstring, Traditionally, the Talatra was made of iguana skin

Indian shields

In the historical and mythic texts that describe the arms of India, avarna is the Sanskrit word most often used to refer to shields, as opposed to body armour. Shields were of three basic types throughout India: parrying shields, round shields, and curved oblong shields. However, in such a vast, diverse area, exceptions to this exist.

Body: Indian infantry often used body shields that had bamboo frames covered with hide. These were the kind of shields used by the warriors who battled Alexander the Great.

Buckler: These small shields were favoured by some in India, and many of them were augmented with blades or spikes, allowing them to be used for both attacking and defending.

Dahl: The small or medium-sized round shield, called the dahl, was the most common Indian shield, particularly during the age of encounters with European powers. The dahl was circular, commonly of embossed leather or steel, and was used throughout India and the regions to its Northwest. Its form changed little over the centuries.

The dahl typically had four or five metal bosses on its face and two handles on the inside: one to slide the shield arm through, and the other for the shield hand to grasp. Some, often referred to as "Persian" in style, have six bosses and three handles, two of which the arm passes through. Some dahls were made of up to 50 layers of silk and used by Brahmins or others who eschewed the use of leather. Other dahls were constructed of equally rare materials, even tortoise shells.

Maratha shield: Such shields were typically medium in size and highly convex, almost coming to a point. They were lacquered and light, and highly effective against missile weapons.

Parrying shields: Many parrying implements were used in India, devices intended both for attacking and defending. Parrying devices may not look like shields at all, but like pairs of metal bars or horns held by a grip between them. One example of such an item is the madu. Generally, parrying "shields" can be used by non-proficient characters to either attack or defend; those proficient with these devices can use them for both attack and defence in a single round.

Small: Various kinds of small shields that do not conform to the characteristics of more common shields might be encountered in an Indian scenario. The fari, a small shield made of bamboo or cane, is an example of this. Other small shields might be made of hide and used by hill people, of woven palm fronds and used by jungle-dwellers, etc.

Indian weapons

The Indian subcontinent produced a wide variety of exotic, lethal, but often beautiful weapons. Naturally, many of the weapons used throughout India had equivalents in the West. However, many of them were unique, having neither Western nor Oriental counterparts.

Historically, there was an early Persian influence on Indian arms, from around 1500 BC, and a resultant overlap in the weapons of these two regions. Much later, many sorts of weapons and equipment were introduced by Arab invaders and settlers, for about 900 years, beginning in the 7th century AD The weapons listed herein are primarily those that were indigenous to the Indian subcontinent itself, but naturally include those that bear the influence of outside cultures. Certain Indian weapons were developed and used predominantly in specific areas; others had widespread usage.

Indian steel was quite good, and some weapons were constructed entirely of it, including the shafts. Nonetheless, much steel was imported from Persia or Damascus, despite a reputation of superiority that was spurious at best. Indeed, Indian weapons were among the highest quality in the world.

Ornate decorations and embellishments were often characteristic of Indian arms and armour. Many were chased with brass, silver, or gold, or fitted with ivory or jade hilts. The prices given for weapons in Indian campaigns represent only the base values of the weapons, and any sort of decorative work can easily increase their value from two to ten times at least. The level of craftsmanship of many Indian weapons exceeded that of contemporary European weapons.

Some Indian weapons were specially modified or designed to penetrate chainmail armour, which was generally the most formidable sort of armour encountered. The mail-piercer arrow, the peshkabz, and the zaghnal were so designed.

Arrow, mail-piercer: Mail-piercing arrows were designed to penetrate chain mail. Such an arrow typically had a long shaft, four painted flights, and a hexagonal, steel, armour piercing head.

Bagh nakh: Also called "tiger's claws;' this weapon consisted of five metal claws fitted to a metal bar with a ring at each end. The first and fourth fingers were slid through the rings and the middle two fingers between the claws. An upward slash was the typical employment of the weapon. Bagh nakh were not generally a weapon for war, but rather for assassination or murder. The wounds they inflicted were often meant to simulate those caused by an animal.

Buckler, spiked: An Indian spiked buckler typically consisted of a sturdy buckler with a pair of small, iron-shod horns protruding from the centre. It can be used to defend against a single frontal attack.

Chakram: A flat, steel ring, with a razor-sharp rim, the chakram was used in the Northwest of India by Sikhs. Each one was spun around the index finger, then released. Warriors typically carried a half-dozen of these weapons, either around their arms or around a conical turban.

Gada: The Gada was a large war club with a large round woodenhead mounted on a shaft. The gada's great damage can be attributed to the fact that it was a two-handed weapon and had an unusually large head.

Hora: This weapon was a horn knuckle-duster, typically having five spikes along its front edge and one on each side. The hora was used in the brutal Indian martial art vajra-musti, which combined wrestling with savage armed blows. Due to its size and shape, the hora can be easily concealed. Although a simple weapon, it might even be found in the hands of a king who practices the martial arts associated with it.

Katar: This was a punch dagger. Rather than having a straight hilt, the katar had two parallel metal bars holding a crossbar grip at a 90 degree angle to the blade. As a punch dagger, the katar did a bit more damage than an ordinary dagger. In form, it was a uniquely Indian weapon, carried in the sash of a warrior.

Many varieties of katar existed. Some were made so that when the two metal bars forming the grip were squeezed together, the blade opened into a three-pronged weapon. Others had a blade split about halfway along its length, giving it two blade ends with a space between them. Still others had three fixed blades, the extra two protruding from the hilt at 90 degree angles to the primary blade.

Scissors katars have more blades to potentially stab an opponent. With the scissors katar (the "split-blade" variety), the user may attempt to parry rather than attack, gaining the benefits of that option. If parrying an edged weapon, the user gets a chance to trap it with the katar.

A sword with a straight, reinforced blade, the khandar was intended for hacking. Often a bar projected from the weapon's pommel, allowing it to be gripped with two hands to deliver a more forceful blow. Another sword, called a sosun pattah, had a forward curving blade, but its intent was the same; for game purposes, these two weapons have identical characteristics.

Kora: This was a heavy short sword with a wide, forward-curving blade, used in northern India and Nepal. It was a hacking weapon, sharp only on its inner edge, and had no thrusting point. It was often decorated with etchings in the steel of the blade. Nepalese warriors might carry one of these and a kukri.

Kukri: Perhaps the most characteristic weapon of Nepal and northern India, the kukri has a heavy, single-edged, forward curving blade for slashing. Despite its shape, it is not meant to be thrown. The kukri has been traditionally used by Nepalese warriors since the 12th century. More than just a formidable fighting knife, the kukri is a rugged tool that can be used for skinning game or chopping wood. The kukri can do almost anything that either a knife or a hand axe can do, sometimes even better. The only decoration likely to be found on one is a small pair of notches on the blade near the hilt. These notches mean "divinity" and reflect the kukri's status as a religious symbol. The kukri was accompanied by a pair of small utility knifes in its sheath.

Madu: The madu was a sturdy buckler with an antelope horn, sometimes tipped with iron or steel, projecting from either side. Although the shield is buckler-sized, the horns assist in parrying, and because of them the madu can be used to defend against up to two frontal attacks.

Pata: A gauntlet sword, this long sword had a steel guard to protect the hand and wrist of its wielder, and had a punch grip like the katar. A pata used by a character on a charging mount inflicts double base damage at the end of a charge. Such swords were quite often chased with precious metals or engraved with designs.

Peshkabz: This dagger, normally a straight-bladed weapon, has a reinforcing rib along its back edge. This reinforcement gives it a T cross-section that makes it especially useful for penetrating chain mail.

Talwar: This was a heavy, broad-bladed, curved sword sometimes forged from solid steel. Some talwars had considerably lighter blades, and these function exactly like scimitars.. Both styles of talwar are among the most common swords encountered in India.. The talwar was often used as a sacrificial weapon.

Zaghnal: The zaghnal is a one-handed pick, usually fashioned entirely of steel, with a broad, sharp, beak-like piercing head. Even though it was only about 1 1/2'-2' long, it was also heavy and had great punching power which it was designed to penetrate. Many zaghnal were decorated with brass, silver, or other precious metals and had beautifully etched heads and shafts, sometimes adorned with images of animals or monsters.

In addition to fine native steel, bamboo was a primary material used in Indian weapons. Bows, arrow and quarrel shafts, and the hafts of javelins, spears, maces, and other weapons were often made of bamboo.

Arquebus (bandukh torador): Matchlock weapons would be used for hunting or adventuring more than for warfare, for which the bow predominated.

Battle axes (tungi): A great variety of axes both double and single-headed, with heads in all possible shapes, were used throughout the subcontinent. They ranged from the dual-purpose weapon/tools of primitive tribesmen to the ornate weapons of aristocrats.

Bow: Long or short, composite or self, bows were available throughout India, although perhaps not all in the same areas. Long and short bows were often of bamboo, while composite bows were lacquered with a wood core, horn on the belly side, and sinew on the back. Bows were also sometimes made of steel in the shape of an Indian composite bow.

Club: All forms of clubs, sticks, curved sticks, and canes can be found used as weapons in an Indian adventure, all roughly conforming to the characteristics of a normal club. Certain of them, such as the curved sticks, may be associated with a martial-arts form.

Crossbow: Bows were the most common missile weapon available in India.

Dagger (bich, wa, khanjar, khanjarli, pih-kaetta): Many different types of daggers, in a multitude of exotic shapes, can be found in India. Although of strange appearances or construction, most of them nonetheless function like normal daggers. However, peoples of certain regions, cults, or martial-arts disciplines may favour one type of dagger over another.

Dart: Indian darts were often of steel and could even be found in royal arsenals.

Hand axe (bhuj): Many varieties of hand axes could be found. In rustic areas, most of these doubled as tools.

Javelin: Bamboo-hafted, steel-headed javelins were used for both hunting and warfare.

Knife: The sort of variety found in daggers also applies to knives. In addition, many sorts of elaborate parrying knives were used.

Lance, light: Light lances were used in India, mostly in the western and central regions. One notable type made use of a hollow steel haft and had an armour-piercing steelhead.

Mace: Maces usually had flanged steelheads, and some had guarded and spurred hilts similar to that of the khandar.

Morning star: Morning stars were popular, being high-damage weapons. Indian weapons of this type have large heads and profound spikes, doing either bludgeoning or piercing damage, whichever is most beneficial to the user.

Some reflect a high level of craftsmanship; being entirely of steel or having hollowed steel heads.

Pick: All steel fighting picks were popular in India and its environs. In both one-handed styles, such as the zaghnal, and the more typical two-handed varieties. Piercing weapons tend to be most effective against armour in any case. Many picks were designed especially for penetrating chain mail. Such picks are entirely of steel, have reinforced heads.

Staff (lathi): Staff-fighting was a common fighting form in India, and various types of modified staves can be found, almost always of cane or bamboo, and sometimes weighted.

Spear (vita): Naturally, many types of spears were used. One spear, the vita, was equipped with a 5'-Iong tether, allowing it to be hurled at an extreme close range, usually by a horseman, and then reclaimed.

Swords: Perhaps more so than any other weapon type, a great variety of swords can be found in the Indian milieu. Almost any type or variation is possible within the exotic plethora that existed. Many of these had specific names but are much like existing sword types. Some, however, have no unique names, despite their singular appearances.

<admin-profanity filter activated> (ram dao): Some large swords had hollow iron tubes for hilts, or alternating sections of tubes and hollow iron balls. Generally, swords were not any bigger than the <admin-profanity filter activated> type, and the khandar was probably the most formidable that would be normally encountered.

Broad: Heavy, one-handed hacking swords are the most common general types of sword found after the talwar.

Long. Thrusting swords with more emphasis placed on the tip than the edges are the least frequently encountered type of sword.

Scimitar (shamshir): Curved swords of this general type are commonly found in the Indian milieu.

Short (choora, adya katti, zafar takieh): As with axes, short swords carried by rustics or tribesmen will usually also function as tools.

[militan4evabains]

Waheguru thank u so much veerji for sharing with us. :TH: Thank u again veerji tc ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕਾ ਖਾਲਸਾ। ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫਤਿਹ