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Finally, a Sikh leader with a backbone. http://www.sikhchic....?cat=26&id=3781 Lord INDARJIT SINGH To Teji Bindra New York, USA 25-10-12 Dear Tejinder ji, Sat Sri Akal Re: Sikh Heritage Arts Gala 2012 I am writing to inform you that I will not be attending the Sikh Arts and Film Festival. When Dr Narinder Singh Kapany informed me that Sikhs in New York wished to honour me for becoming the first turbaned Sikh in the British Parliament, I agreed. I was given to understand that it would be at a function of Sikh Heritage Awards. I now learn from the detailed Programme sent me that it is a Festival of Indian Films with dinner and dance in the presence of dignitaries from and representatives of the Indian government. This festive event coincides with the anniversary of the government planned systematic slaughter and rape of thousands of Sikhs throughout the length and breadth of India following the assassination of Indira Gandhi, commencing with Rajiv Gandhi's broadcast incitement of "khoon ka badla khoon" - "Exact blood for blood". ( An official in Africa recently received a lengthy jail term from the International Criminal Court for lesser incitement). Ever since 1984, I have campaigned tirelessly for those responsible for this genocide against Sikhs to be brought to justice through articles in the Sikh Messenger , the Journal of Amnesty International, articles in the Times, the Guardian and other British, French, American and Arabic journals and in radio and TV broadcasts. My effort and those of many others for the Indian government to respect civilised norms and bring those responsible to justice have simply fallen on deaf ears. In the circumstances, I hope you will understand why on the anniversary of this massacre, I cannot join you with your guests from the Indian government. My apologies for any inconvenience. Kind regards Dr. Indarjit Singh ( Lord Singh of Wimbledon)

Source: http://www.sikhnn.com/views/if-brar-had-been-assassinated If Brar Had Been Assassinated Gurtej Singh| Chandigarh, India Posted: 11:58 PM | October 23, 2012 I am aware that I write a speculative piece about a hypothetical situation, namely, what I would not have done, in the event of death of general Kuldip Singh Brar in an attack against his life. That is supposed to have happened in London recently. I heard Brar on the ‘Day & Night’ channel, and on another television channel and, of course, I have read how Hindutava forces have poured their heart out for him in the print media. Brar is the slave of Hindutava forces, and is the darling of the permanent cultural majority (PCM), which, being barely a billion in number, is naturally scared to death of the two percent armed Sikh population of India. In the context of the history of conquest of Hind by invaders, two percent is a huge number. It is indeed a cause for alarm. Raja Lakshman Sena belonged to the illustrious solar dynasty that had been ruling Bengal for thousands of years. In the early 1200s, a band of 17, lead by an eighteen-year-old lad, Ikhtiyar Uddin Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji, attacked with such striking power, the raja had to make an unceremonious exit from the rear door of the palace, neglecting even to wear his slippers. That was a wise act for sure as the palace guard and thousands of other brave functionaries that were left behind were massacred by the cruel intruder within minutes of their being discovered from their hiding places. Mohammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi had performed almost the same feat against Dahir Shah in Sind, 500 years earlier. The PCM, lead by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, concluded that these matters could not be left to chance. GENOCIDAL MANIAC IN DISGUISE Brar, who saved India from a fate like that of Bengal and Sind, is now being eulogised. He is being presently projected as a super-general and is being caressed by the doting PCM. He has been hailed as a hero for being the architect of the army operation known as Blue Star. He was up against much heavier odds than either Lakshman Sena or Dahir Shah ever had. He had to contend with a holy man who, although was never known to have fired a weapon, menacingly held a deadly steel spear more than three feet long. As for supporters, the holy man had almost three times the number that Bakhtiar Khilji had brought to battle that fateful day in Bengal. There were almost as many as had attacked Sind, killed its ruler and had enslaved his harem. A photograph of the holy man’s lot, taken a day before the June 1984 attack, was published by a magazine on its cover that month. It shows how deadly these people were. Even from the picture it is obvious that each one of them could have easily swallowed a dozen soldiers at one go without batting an eyelid. To top it all, they were surrounded by thousands of pilgrims, temple servants, women and children, including a two-week-old child. The rumour was that this infant was born with a pistol in his hand and binoculars to his eyes. So very wisely, the then prime minister had provided battle tanks, armed personnel carriers, helicopters, poisonous gases - the Geneva Convention be damned - and other inflammatory material of the kind that was used to set the Sikh Reference Library on fire. There were stun bombs, two-inch mortars, cannons and what have you. The enemy was spread out in a four-square-acre temple complex. No precaution was spared to flush them out. Hero Brar went to battle with just 90,000 brave soldiers, excluding the para-military forces and the police. So brave was the general that he went into the lion’s den just a day before the contest. He was photographed at the Darshani Deorhi as he walked alongside devotees. From that adventure he concluded that the enemy was spineless and would surrender when the first cannon boomed and when the first tank rolled out. But they resisted the armed might of the modern state for 72 hours and, according to the commander-in-chief, decimated the invaders twice over. It just goes to show that the careful planning was just right for the attack. How evenly balanced was the battle may be guessed from the single fact that had the Indian army even one tank less and had not been allowed to burn the library and to attack the Akal Takhat, the battle could have been lost. Not only the battle… With powers like Pakistan waiting in the wings to make the best use of the opportunity, India would have been lost, too. Just to establish how brave a hero Brar was, we must recall some of the bravest deeds that were accomplished on the battlefield. That deadly infant, to whom reference has already been made, was despatched with a machine gun fire. The peaceful protestors, who had come to offer arrests in the ongoing Akali agitation, were collected in one closed space and, in an economy so rare on the field of battle, were all killed with just a few hand grenades lobbed by a brave soldier from the rooftop. Thirty schoolboys were captured, their hands were tied behind their backs and killed by another brave soldier of the Indian army. The brave general took thousands of unarmed pilgrims as prisoners of war. Many of them ranged from five years to 17 years of age. Show us a single army in the world that it can accomplish such a deed. Bhagat Puran Singh says in a letter to the president of India that women pilgrims were raped by army men. Every dead body was looted, living quarters of the temple servants were ransacked thoroughly, and not even a single ceremonial cloth covering for the Guru Granth Sahib was left on the premises. The president of India had to order some at his own expense when he came visiting a few days after the great victory. Brar even killed his senior colleague in the Indian army, Gen. Shabeg Singh, who had won the Battle of Bangladesh for the country. By that brave act he showed that he was completely without emotions when he entered the territory he invaded. He attacked the place at which he had worshipped just the day before. It must however be admitted that this was an inherited trait coming straight to him from his grandfather who had Kartar Singh Sarabha arrested and hanged for fighting the people’s battle. We may now examine the strategy followed by the general. No general is worth his salt if he does not employ a befitting strategy. He took care to attack the Darbar on the martyrdom day of Guru Arjan. He was not afraid of numbers. He knew that the crowds would be the thickest that day. He wanted to make an impact. It is a monument to his bravery to recall that he relaxed the curfew for two hours just a day before the attack to let in many more pilgrims. He was so sure of himself. STRATEGY Then in a quick Napoleonic manoeuvre, he went and attacked without sounding a word of warning. He later lied to his commander-in-chief, the president of India, Zail Singh, that a warning had been issued. That was all in the line of duty. Some may have spotted the thickly veiled strategy he was using. It was simply to use the unarmed civilians as human shields for the brave soldiers he was leading to battle. It is possible that some will also have noticed that despite his superiority in every way, the general was still shaking in his pants, and maybe wetting them also. It is not as if the brave know no fear. It is just that they overcome it like Brar did. Brar also displayed completely secular spirit. He killed the hymn singers inside the Guru’s Darbar, pierced the Guru Granth Sahib and set fire to the administrative office of the shrine that is, the Teja Singh Samundari Hall. He knew what he was doing. It has already been said that religion, after all is the opium of the masses. It is true that he was given so many thousand of bottles of whiskey to dull the perceptions of the soldiers under him. He made this an integral part of the strategy that he followed to win the battle. Such a genius is rare indeed. The army under his command shut up innocent pilgrims in the small rooms of the inn and denied them water. Thus, killing hundreds in a truly non-violent Gandhian way. This great combination of strategy and ideology is bound to be noticed some day, and the doting media will make much of it. He must also be given full credit for every act of bravery that he displayed after capturing the complex. One act that will go down in history is his burning down the Sikh Reference Library. He thus earned a unique distinction. If we have to locate a parallel we have to travel more than five hundred years back in history to 1453 when the library at Constantinople was burnt. The excuse then was that it was a barbaric age and such a barbaric measure was only to be expected. The general worked under no such constraint. This was not the custom of this age of enlightenment, and yet, the general bashed on regardless. He set the library on fire and did not wink an eyelid. He burnt many precious manuscripts of the holy book and reduced to ashes the documents that had been touched by our Gurus and several of which bore their signatures. No ordinarily brave person, but only one firmly committed to genocide of a people could have taken that step. It will be remembered that these documents had survived the Mughal, Afghan, Persian and the British colonial rule of five hundred years but perished under the PCM’s empire within five decades. The last attack on the shrine had been by Ahmed Shah Abdali in 1762. The Punjab then formed a part of his empire, having been ceded to him by Ahmed Shah, the emperor of Delhi. Even Abdali did not inflict as much damage as Brar did, although he was no sovereign like Abdali, but just a minion of a woman aspiring to sovereignty. So he clearly scores over Abdali in more ways than one. MOTIVES Now we may go into the question of motives. Indira Gandhi was trying to establish the perpetual rule of her dynasty. This was great because the country needed such a rule to survive as a modern vibrant democracy. She made a bid to dismember Pakistan, which was at that time the most hated entity in the entire Hind. The Emergency debacle, however, boomeranged upon her. That was the fault of that despicable Jai Parkash Narayan who could not lay his hands on her purely patriotic measure. The Sikhs too kept marching in protest to oppose the wholly benign measure. She was desperately looking for newer solutions, in the country’s interest of course. She decided to exploit the liberal dose of fear and hatred in the mind of the PCM that had nursed upon the anti-Dalit sentiment for centuries. She targeted the Sikhs whose prosperity and probity was hugely resented by the masses. For the execution of her policy she identified and handpicked media persons, civil servants, army men and politicians. Even cronies and hangers-on were identified. She did a good job from her point of view. In the last phases she required a lap dog that would execute the manoeuvre of attacking one of the holiest spots in the world and the source of liberation of this sub-continent from colonial rule. No self-respecting soldier was prepared to perpetrate that enormous monstrosity upon his own people. Lt. Gen. Srinivas Kumar Sinha declined. This is where Brar came in. He wanted nothing more than the pat of a dictator and the addition of a coloured ribbon to his uniform. Integrity as a soldier counted for nothing with him, killing his own people was a game for him, and to desire their enslavement was an ancestral occupation. Brar pretends to have prevented the declaration of Khalistan by attacking the shrine. The holy man, Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, had no political organisation or independent agenda. He always said he was supporting the agenda of the Akali Dal and that did not include Khalistan. Three independent people, including two journalists met the sant just a few days before the attack and asked him to propose a compromise formula. His answer to all of them was: “Let the government come to an honourable agreement about their demands. Let it release the people incarcerated unjustly, and I will go back to my seminary and resume the preaching.” The general, no matter how apolitical he is, is expected to know now that there was no such danger. He is instead going on repeating that lie ad nauseam in the press and visual media. If other lies that he has told to justify his butchery are all added up they will weigh at least a tonne. The law is clear. The sant and his friends in the shrine had the right of self-protection. APOSTATE Apostate Brar’s claim that he went to restore the sanctity of the shrine that was violated by the preacher of the faith is both ridiculous and preposterous. It is also said that the statue of goddess Soma consecrated at Somnath had been thrown out of Mecca along with 365 others by the prophet of Islam, and Mahmud of Ghazni had come to restore the sanctity of the Hindu shrine by ridding it of the condemned statue. Haven’t we had enough of those gimmicks and tongue-in-cheek statements? To put that act of acceptance in perspective, we refer to recent history. P.C. Chidambram, known as the ‘iron man of India’, chalked out a strategy to break the backbone of Maoist insurgency in India. The Indian army was to do the job that it had done in 1984. General V. K. Singh would have none of it. So it fizzled out and nobody talks about it anymore. Had there been a debate, it would have come out that at Nuremberg, the civilised world had decided that no public servant was under an obligation to obey an inhuman and illegal order. Brar was, on the other hand, an incarnation of immorality and inhumanity that, like a true soldier of Indira Gandhi’s personal army, it may be said again, that he bashed on regardless. Being a secular man who has said goodbye to the faith of his ancestors, his ideals could not have been that of Banda Bahadur, Nawab Kapur Singh and Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, who confronted the Mughals and Abdali. He emulated Tiloka who led the armies of Mahmud against Somnath. His ideals were those of Aziz Koka, Malik Amber and Malik Kafur the eunuchs who converted to Islam and subdued the bulk of the Indian sub-continent for their masters to rule. He has chosen well and I do not grudge him his choice. I do not mind him being eulogised as a hero. Wavell found Gandhi to be a “malevolent old man” and yet he did not grudge the status of a saint bestowed upon him by our civilisation. His explanation for not grudging was that such people in such civilisations are often referred to as saints. On that trodden path I tread and accept Brar as a hero of the Hindutava forces for the new sexed up civilisation that Hindutava is trying to bring into existence, which will certainly produce heroes like him. I do not wish death to Brar, although I know that such people are always a burden on Mother Earth. I would not lift a finger to kill him, even if I could, just as I would not lift my little finger to save him if that would. I would not have mourned for him had he been killed in that latest attempt on his life, regardless of who made the attempt. Left to myself, I prefer this man to be hauled up to The Hague and tried for crimes against humanity as many of his ilk have been tried in the recent past. _________________________ The author worked for the Shiromani Akali Dal as general secretary and spokesman from 1989 to 1991 and again from 1995 to 1997. He has been working for Sikh, Punjabi, human rights and environmental causes for more than fifteen years, and has written articles in Punjabi and English for several newspapers and magazines. Politically, he is a votary for self-determined political status for the Sikhs, or the Sikh Homeland of Sirdar Kapur Singh’s conception, and socially advocates for a casteless non-exploitative, egalitarian society. He was designated ‘Professor of Sikhism’ by the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee in 1982 but relinquished title in March 2004 in protest of the Punjabi Sikh political machine. Commentaries are the opinions of the authors, and not necessarily that of Sikh News Network.

Here is a nice Sakhi of Guru Nanak Dev Ji for a Friday afternoon. On one of his travels Guru Ji came to a town and stopped at the house of an old Sikh called Chundhwadi. He was very poor and was in a fluster as to what food to place in front of Guru Ji. He went to the local town not knowing what to do. While he was there he saw a gathering of people and went to see what was happening. It was a wrestling match and the local Nawab was parading his champion. Now, the champion was called Maskeen and was tall and muscular and was undefeated. He stood while the proud Nawab challenged all the town if there was any person who would take on his champion. Maskeen strode into the middle of the large circle flexing his muscles. No one dared step forward for fear of serious injury. When Chundhwadi heard that the prize was 50rps he thought that if he could get the money he could use it to buy provisions to place in front of Guru Ji. He stepped into the ring and declared his intention to wrestle Maskeen. All fell about laughing, how could such an old man who was just skin and bone take on the mighty Maskeen? As the two opponents came close Maskeen asked “What are you doing old man? You have no chance against me, what possesses you to fight me, you are going to get seriously hurt” Chundawadi said “Oh champion, Guru Nanak Dev Ji is coming to my house today and I have no food to place before him, my only chance is to beat you and use the prize money.” Maskeen fell into thought, “I have heard of Guru Nanak” he said “they say he is Khudha himself. I would also like to meet him.” After much soul searching he said “Old man, if I let you win will you take me to see Guru Nanak?” “Yes” said Chundawadi “but what will become of you? If you lose, and lose to an old man your patronage will end and what will become of you?” But Maskeen did not hear this, all he could think about was meeting Guru Nanak. So it happened that after a few moves Maskeen fell to the ground with a thump and as planned the old man put his foot on his chest and claimed the prize. There was pandemonium, there was a riot, the proud Nawab was humiliated and disowned his wrestler. Maskeens reputation was ruined, he knew that he would be turned out of his house. His family were even more livid, when they heard what had happened they planned to do away with him. They hastily dug a trench under his munja and stuck in spikes and covered the whole thing with large palm leaves, they planned to murder him and then plea with the Nawab to let them stay at the house. As Maskeen finally got away from the crowd he could not find Chundawadi in all the commotion and wondered home. His favourite daughter met him on route. She had seen what was happening and told her father. But Maskeen was a broken man, he did not care what happened to him, he shuffled to his house and went straight to the munja and lay on it fully expecting the whole thing to collapse into the hole underneath, but nothing happened. His little daughter ran to him and peered underneath “Papa, I can see a man in robes holding up your munja” she shouted. He knew, he just knew. Maskeen jumped off the bed and before he knew it Guru Nanak Dev Ji stood before him. He fell to his knees placing his head on Guru Jis feet. Guru Ji sat him down. “Oh Maskeen, you were willing to lose everything for me, I am now here for you” Guru Sahib Ji blessed him and said that he would be remembered for always. Fifth saroop, Guru Arjan Dev Ji adds Maskeens name to the 15th Sloke in Sukhmani Sahib Ji – “ Sukhi vasay Maskeenia aap nivaar tallay, wudday wuddy hunkarian Nanak garab gallay. “

I was going through new website- mahapurakh.com- sant attar singh ji reru sahib jivani (Jivan Gatha), where sant attar singh ji reru sahib mahapursh gave updesh to sant isher singh ji rara sahib wale regarding clearing people's doubt on getting naam jugti after taking amrit from mahapursh: Please have a listen, its pretty good shows importance of having mahapursh in panj pyare seva to clear all the doubts and if not available then- sangat of mahapursh. http://www.akalhost.com/Mahapurakh/multimedia/SANT%20ATTAR%20SINGH%20JI%20RERU%20SAHIB/167%20Doubt%20on%20getting%20Naam%20Jugti.mp3

will post more soon.

Are you serious? They r actually two sides of the same coin. No matter who wins there will be a doom nxt yr! guaranteed ..

New York Gala Cancelled Source: http://sikhchic.com/1984/new_york_gala_cancelled New York Gala Cancelled sikhchic.com received notification last night that the New York Gala scheduled for November 2, 2012 has now been cancelled. Another date will be set after community consultations. October 28, 2012 Conversation about this article 1: Manpreet Singh (Hyderabad, India), October 28, 2012, 5:42 AM. As long as India's reps are not invited again ...!

I agree with MrDoaba, the dialect thing isn't a problem because they have become so mixed up. The best way to learn to speak Punjabi is to have a good friend who is fluent and then make sure you only speak Punjabi with them. The Sangat at your university should be able to help and watching channels such as Sikh Channel and Sangat should also help you to understand the correct way to speak Punjab. At the end of the day, it is probably the fear of making mistakes when speaking Punjabi that is stopping you speaking Punjabi. So I would suggest that you just go ahead and speak it whenever you have the opportunity!

I fail to understand how people who have left the gand of India behind and are living in a free western society need to still show their slave mentality to their former masters. I can only assume that in their previous existence before this one they had been donkeys or cattle.

Omg! Eh mere pir Di jugni.... Was AWESOME!!!!! About to listen to the next ones! Thanks for sharing!

I would not have sggs ji downloaded on any device as then it is guru ji. Will you do parkash and sukhashan and give full respect everyday? People think its ok to download Sggs ji on iPad or mobiles etc. but where is the respect? Mobiles are kept in your pocket or a handbag you handle without washing hands and talk into it by putting on your face. Same with iPad kindle or similar device you handle without full respect have other apps on it and go on Internet or other books. What's the difference between disrespecting guru ji like chela ram did and with having it on your mobile or other device including pc as do you treat as true guru? I think NOT, no one who has downloaded full sggs ji does parkash or sukhashan or give full respect everyday, do they? People moan about beadbi but this is totally accepted form of beadbi in the panth.

Some times when I analyze this deeply, I come to a conclusion that British/Mughals/Lodhis etc. etc. rules for 1500/2000 years not because of tyranny/"ZULM" throughout their dynastyspan, but because of some of their just practise. Yes, there dynasty founders and some of their dynasty rulers were cruel, but lots of times, their rulers/practises gave equal and just treatment to the common "Dalit"/"low-class" masses of Bharat, who were treated even more bad than shown in this video, and hence this "low-class"/"Dalit"/mass common man supported this foreign rule. All this Shiv/Sainiks/Bajrang-Dal etc. is nothing new, we know all this Dalit suppression/inhuman behaviour of upper class in India for centuries.

Slitting the throat only hurts for animals who don't have military training. Just look at General Brar. At 78 years old, he was able to fight off multiple attackers that were much younger than him. That is why he didn't bleed to death from his injuries, and is giving interviews on Indian television today.

Well in the UK all the different dialects are spoken and they've become somewhat mixed up. Although someone might speak predominantly one dialect, chances are the odd sentence will be in the style of another. Its not problematic at all, just speak it how it naturally comes to you. Dont worry about the whole dialects thing, it will just confuse you. Even within the the same region, the language changes slightly. For example, one person might call sultanas "Sogee" but another will call it "Daak". Another example is that i would call turnips "Sag mal" while others will say "Shalgum". Dont worry about the variations, you'll still be understood. Watch the Punjabi news, its a good example of proper formal Punjabi.

Sikhi is nowhere to be seen in Huddersfield, its sad to say but its the reality of it. All at the hands of our elders and leaders. A couple years back a Kesadhari committee member petitioned to the local gov regarding the ban on tobacco displays. This was all over the local papers with his mugshot. So from an outsiders perspective, not only do Sikhs drink and hold beer festivals at their temples but they hold strong views for smoking too. Each year, 2 Nagar Kirtans are held making a stop off at the Mandir were arti pooja and singing and clapping is performed infront of/to Maharaaj by the mandirs members. The mandir is on a small road (zetland road) with bars and clubs on either side and a 'chunky chicken' eat out and a 'Shisha' smoking place opposite. If going to the mandir is not bad enough, we take Maharaaj onto such roads. Our sangta rush into the mandir leaving Maharaaj behind. I do not go in so can not say what goes on. But since the mandir is just a 5min stop from the Gurdwara, i can not imagine they all go in to use the toilet facilities in the small house sized semi detached mandir. The local Pandit of the mandir is called by so called sikh to perform whatever he does. I personally know of a family who called on the pandit after their daughter say a headless man. The pandit suggested that there was nothing to worry about since toof bati was performed in the room. As much as this makes me 'LOL', these sort of bakwaas pakand are in no short supply in hudds. Milk donated to Gurdwara Sahib for langar is siphoned to sell on as paneer. The fridges containing this milk which the Sangat can very well make use of, are locked with padlocks. On a number of occasions rows arguements etc have taken place in the langar hall over this issue. Lastly, Toona (blackmagic). Bleach in a bottle of vinegar in the langar kitchen. Nails (tacks/screws) in large amounts in the atta. Nails (tacks/screws) in prashaad which someone had made and left in Darbar Sahib as chadava before Maharaaj. Taveets (lockets with ash/notes encased) found in Gurdwara. All this has been caught on camera and the guilty have been informed. Yes, that is all. These matters had to be brought to the Sangats attention. Forgive me if i have offended anyone, upset anyone. If i have been untruthful about any of the above, may Maharaaj give me the worst sajja there is. Pul chuk maaf ji

A zillion salutes to this Singh!!!

:O This post is still going on......... :o the OP is definitely not here anymore!! lol

The Sikh Federation (UK) who has booked the Boothroyd Room in Portcullis House (above Westminster tube station) in the Houses of Parliament between 6-8pm on Tuesday 30 October for the launch of the NSYF exhibition is pleased to confirm a good cross section of Sikhs have emailed sikhfederationuk@yahoo.co.uk to book a seat for the event. Younger Sikhs and professionals working in and around London in particular are encouraged to book a seat for the event as seats are limited. The event is in the evening when most should have finished work so that should not be an excuse.

Indira was like a dictator, minister were like puppets,always ready to please her as was the President ,Zail Singh. It makes it even more outstanding that General Sinha stood upto Indira. He sounds a bit like the Nawab of Malerkotla who advised the Mughal ruler against the execution of the Sahibzadas, whilst the Hindu Ministers were in favour of the Sahibzadas execution. You can put Brar and Dyal in their place. Interesting that Gen Sunderji was so blinded in becoming a Field Marshal ( highest army position) he was willing do anything and led the attack, on his death bed Sinha states Sunderji was unable to speak or write. He gestured to his face , meaning beard , Sinha took this as a reference to Bluestar. A few hours later Sunderji was dead. Interesting facts in this interview on how many plans were avaible to prevent bloodshed that should be publicised.